Someone Science This…

OutdoorEdventure

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Staff member
Same bullet weight (roughly). 36 H20 water weight case -vs- 52.5 H20 water weight case. Shoots same bullet weight 50 FPS difference before showing case pressure.

 
Larger caliber bullets of same weight as smaller caliber will achieve higher velocity at the same pressure due to the larger square inches of surface area on the base of the bullet for the pressure to "push" on.
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Another factor that confounds your expectations is that you need more slow powder to achieve the same velocity as a smaller amount of faster powder. The larger bore of the 25 cal necessitates the faster powder while the 22 cal the slower. Faster powder releases all its energy in a shorter barrel length. Also, the more overbore your cartridge is, the less efficient it is as far as powder use is concerned. Length to width ratios are also important...the 25 cal has it better than your 22 atomizer. Cartridge design does have to balance efficiency and raw potential, so some compromises must be made.

TL;DR
Faster powder is more efficient than slow powder, grain for grain. You need either lighter bullets or a larger bore to use them, though.
 
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